{"id":1277,"date":"2016-07-06T14:44:30","date_gmt":"2016-07-06T20:44:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sparetimeuniversity.com\/?p=1277"},"modified":"2016-07-06T14:44:57","modified_gmt":"2016-07-06T20:44:57","slug":"polar-bear-diet-changes-as-sea-ice-melts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sparetimeuniversity.com\/?p=1277","title":{"rendered":"Polar Bear Diet Changes as Sea Ice Melts"},"content":{"rendered":"

by AMNH on

RESEARCH POSTS<\/p>\n

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A series of papers recently published by scientists at the American Museum of Natural History suggests that polar bears in the warming Arctic are turning to alternate food sources. As Arctic sea ice melts earlier and freezes later each year, polar bears have a limited amount of time to hunt their historically preferred prey\u2014ringed seal pups\u2014and must spend more time on land.<\/p>\n

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A polar bear, Ursus maritmus, eats a seal, its historically preferred prey. \u00a9 AMNH\/R. Rockwell<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

The new research indicates that at least some polar bears in the western Hudson Bay population are using flexible foraging strategies while on land, such as prey-switching and eating a mixed diet of plants and animals, as they survive in their rapidly changing environment.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere is little doubt that polar bears are very susceptible as global climate change continues to drastically alter the landscape of the northern polar regions,\u201d said Robert Rockwell,a research associate in the Museum\u2019s Department of Ornithology. \u201cBut we\u2019re finding that they might be more resilient than is commonly thought.\u201d<\/p>\n

Polar bears are listed as a threatened species under the United States Endangered Species Act and are classified as \u201cvulnerable\u201d with declining populations on the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources\u2019 Red List. Climate warming is reducing the availability of their ice habitat, especially in the spring when polar bears gain most of their annual fat reserves by consuming seal pups before coming ashore for the summer. The new work, led by Rockwell and Linda Gormezano, a postdoctoral researcher in the Museum\u2019sDivision of Vertebrate Zoology, examines how polar bears might compensate for energy deficits from decreasing seal-hunting opportunities.<\/p>\n

In the first paper, published in spring 2013 in the journal Polar Ecology<\/em>, the researchers provide, for the first time, data and video of polar bears pursuing, catching, and eating adult and juvenile lesser snow geese during mid-to-late summer, when the geese are replacing their primary flight feathers.<\/p>\n

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\"Quinoa,
Quinoa, a Dutch shepherd, sniffs for polar bear scat on an ice flow\u00a0 \u00a9AMNH\/L. Gormezano<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

In the second paper, published in summer 2013 in the journalEcology and Evolution<\/em>, researchers used polar bear scat to show that the diet of at least some of the bears has shifted from what it was 40 years ago, before climate change was affecting the Hudson Bay lowlands. Today\u2019s polar bears are preying more on caribou as well as on snow geese and their eggs.<\/p>\n

In the final paper in the series, published in December 2013 in the journal BMC Ecology<\/em>, the researchers show that polar bears are, with a few exceptions, consuming a mixed diet of plants and animals. The predominance of local vegetation in collected scat suggests little movement among habitat types between feeding sessions, indicating that the polar bears are keeping energy expenditure down.<\/p>\n

Taken together, the research indicates that during the ice-free period, polar bears are exhibiting flexible foraging behavior. This behavior likely derives from a shared genetic heritage with brown bears, from which polar bears separated about 600,000 years ago.<\/p>\n

For more details, see the Museum\u2019s press release.<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Article here\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

by AMNH on 01\/21\/2014\u00a0 RESEARCH POSTS A series of papers recently published by scientists at the American Museum of Natural History suggests that polar bears in the warming Arctic are turning to alternate food sources. As Arctic sea ice melts earlier and freezes later each year, polar bears have a limited amount of time to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7779,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[60,47],"tags":[7,55,68,69],"class_list":["post-1277","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate","category-oceans","tag-climate-change","tag-environment","tag-polar-bears","tag-sea-ice"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sparetimeuniversity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sparetimeuniversity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sparetimeuniversity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sparetimeuniversity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7779"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sparetimeuniversity.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1277"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sparetimeuniversity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1292,"href":"https:\/\/sparetimeuniversity.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1277\/revisions\/1292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sparetimeuniversity.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1277"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sparetimeuniversity.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1277"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sparetimeuniversity.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}